Transformación en el tiempo: definiendo el sitio de Xuenkal, Yucatán, durante el periodo Clásico Terminal

Abstract

The ancient Maya center of Xuenkal, located in the Cupul region about 45 km northeast of Chichén Itzá, is one of the few known interior sites that witnessed a substantial Sotuta occupation. Proyecto Arqueológico Xuenkal (PAX) research is investigating the Sotuta material and its relationship to preceding Late-Terminal Classic Cehpech settlement in order to understand the nature of this transition. Drawing upon extensive test excavations and broad excavations of household groups, we suggest that the pre-Sotuta Xuenkal occupation was much more robust than previously hypothesized. Settlement data show extensive Cehpech settlement extending into the hinterlands, while household excavations reveal that Late Classic Xuenkal was both very prosperous and closely tied to neighbouring Ek’ Balam and Kulubá, and more distant Cobá. In contrast, the Sotuta settlement is limited to clusters within the site core. Together these data suggest that the Sotuta control of Xuenkal may have been the result of regional political conflict rather than an autochthonous transformation.